Women of the Week

Lepha Eliza Bailey, an author, lecturer, and reformer, Martia L. Davis Berry, a political reformer, Elizabeth Powell Bond, Dean of Swarthmore College, and Mary D. Lowman, a municipal officer, are this week's Women of the Week.   

•  To learn about them by viewing their items, please click on their images.  

• To read their biographical sketches in A Woman of the Century, please click on the highlighted page numbers to the left of their images.

Author, lecturer, and reformer Lepha Eliza Bailey was born in Battle Creek, Michigan, on January 21, 1841.  She began her writing career by contributing to newspapers.  Lepha married Lewis Bailey in 1873 and started a family.  They lived in Battle Creek for many years.

Lepha edited Our Age and was a contributor to Grange Visitor.  She was a member of the Woman's Christian Temperance Union, The Sovereigns of Industry, Independent Order of Good Templars, Grangers, National Prohibition Alliance, and the Prohibition Party.

Beginning in the 1880s, delivered temperance lectures throughout the country. In January of 1901, when she was living in New York City and was scheduled to speak in Johnson City, Tennessee, that city's The Comet described Lepha as the National Organizer for the W.C.T.U., praised her achievements, mentioned her work with Frances Willard, and listed positive comments from other newspapers.  The article finished by noting, "If you fail to hear this noted speaker you will miss a rare opportunity."  Later that year, Rev. C. E. Scudder praised her work in Pennsylvania at length in The Pike County Press.  Scudder wrote:

"One could hardly conceive how a human being could put forth such untiring efforts, speaking in colleges and public schools, and holding ladies' parlor meetings during the day, traveling and speaking to crowded houses, frequently so full that standing room was impossible.  Yet her brain never seemed to weary while dwelling upon the all absorbing theme, the crushing out of the liquor traffic.  Her clearness of thought as regards methods, her kindly, though energetic, forcible language, so convincing, won many, to action and duty.  May God send more such lecturers into the whitened field."
  
When Lepha and her daughter Viola visited her son Victor and his family in Caribou, Minnesota during the first decade of the twentieth century, she learned that the area lacked a church and Sunday school.  Lepha purchased land to summer there, and church services were held on her property. Eventually, she had a church built on the property.

By 1920, Lepha was living with her daughter Viola in Lake Worth, Palm Beach, Florida. Lepha passed away in Lake Worth on May 1, 1924, and was buried in Lake Worth's Pinecrest Cemetery.

Political reformer Martia L. Davis Berry was born in Portland, Michigan, on January 22, 1844.  She became a teacher in the Portland Public Schools at age seventeen.  

Martia married John S. Berry, a Civil War veteran, in 1865, and they had one child.  The family moved to Glen Elder, Kansas in 1871, and then to Cawker City, Kansas in 1872.  There, Martia was a businesswoman for twelve years, working in millinery and general merchandise.  

Very active in Cawker City's Methodist Episcopal Church, Martia served as superintendent of the Sunday School for eight years.  In addition, she was founder of the area's Woman's Foreign Missionary Society.  

According to her obituary, John moved to another state, and Martia's record on Ancestry.com notes that Martia and John divorced in 1882. 

Showing her leadership once again, Martia founded the Woman's Club in Cawker City in 1883.  Dedicated to founding a library in her town, she also founded the Woman's Hesperian Library Club.  Martia also gave her time to the State Industrial School for Girls in Belot, Kansas.

Devoted to equal rights for women, Martia was Treasurer of the Kansas Equal Suffrage Association, where her colleagues included Annie LePorte Diggs, Anna Churchill Wait, and Rachel Foster Avery.  On October 28, 1885, she presented a paper, "Womanhood and its Teachings," at the annual convention of the Kansas Equal Suffrage Association.  The next week, The Saline County Journal noted that her paper "was well received and merited the encomiums bestowed on it."  In 1887, she played an active part in the successful effort for woman suffrage in  Kansas for "city and school officers and on bonds for school appropriations" (History of Woman Suffrage, v. 4, 650-651).

Martia also was a member of the American Woman Suffrage Association, speaking at the 1886 convention in Topeka, Kansas, and later the National American Woman Suffrage Association.

In addition, Martia was President of the Kansas Woman's Christian Temperance Union.

She passed away on January 13, 1894, shortly before what would have been her fiftieth birthday.  Martia was buried in Prairie Grove Cemetery in Cawker City.

Elizabeth Powell Bond was born to Catherine Macy Powell and Townsend Powell on January 25th, 1841, in Clinton, New York.  She had an older brother named Aaron. When Elizabeth was four years old, the family moved to Ghent, New York where she grew up.

She attended the State Normal School in Albany, then began her teaching career in Mamaroneck, New York.  Next, Elizabeth became a gymnastics instructor at Vassar College. From there, she moved to Florence, Massachusetts, and met the lawyer Henry Herrick Bond.  . They married and became parents to two sons, Edwin Powell Bond, who was born in 1874, and Herrick Tyler Bond, who was born in 1878, but died in infancy.

Elizabeth spent the majority of her life teaching young children, as well as using her home to teach some of her pupils who were struggling in school.  Since they were interested in sharing local news and events, Elizabeth and her husband edited “The Northampton Journal.”

Bond was an educator and social activist who fought for women's rights, as well as for the rights of African Americans.  In addition, Elizabeth devoted a lot of time and effort to activities related to her Quaker religion.  Her personal network included Louisa May Alcott, Ellen Tucker Emerson, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Fanny Garrison Villard, William Lloyd Garrison, and Dio Lewis.  Elizabeth was the first Dean of Women at Swarthmore College, a position she held from 1890 to 1906.  In 1901, Elizabeth wrote “Words by the Way,” which she dedicated to Swarthmore’s students.

During her later years, Elizabeth enjoyed gardening.  She passed away in Germantown, Pennsylvania, on March 29, 1926, and was buried in Spring Grove Cemetery, Florence, Massachusetts.

Mary D. Lowman, who served as mayor of Oskaloosa, Kansas, was born in Shelocta, Indiana County, Pennsylvania, on January 27, 1842.  She married George W. Lowman in 1866 and moved to Kansas.  Mary became the mother of two children.

She taught for many years in Pennsylvania and Kansas, including three years in Kansas when Mary focused her attention on teaching newly emancipated African-Americans.

Also committed to fighting for religious causes, Mary, a Presbyterian, gave significant time to this work.

Mary was Assistant to the Register of Deeds, her husband, in her hometown of Oskaloosa, Kansas, before running for and being elected mayor in 1888.  She and her team of female council members were very successful in administering Oskaloosa, and they were reelected in 1889.  They received many notices in the press and much attention.

Tragically, as the  Topeka State Journal  explains, Mary died "from burns sustained when her clothing caught fire, while preparing a meal" at her home in Oskaloosa.  She passed away the next day, June 2, 1912, and was buried in Oskaloosa's Pleasant View Cemetery.

In the article discussing her passing, Topeka State Journal described Mary as "a woman of fine character and rare good sense and the finest modesty, and she bravely and quietly, with her assistants, went on with the work of governing the little city of a thousand people, and it was well governed, too, and an example set that told for the right for years following."